Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Disease Prevention: Complete Framework

Primary Prevention (Prevent Onset)

• Health education
• Immunization
• Nutrition (fruits, vegetables, whole grains)
• Regular exercise
• Tobacco cessation
• Alcohol moderation

Secondary Prevention (Early Detection & Treatment)

• Screening tests (mammogram, Pap, colonoscopy)
• Prompt diagnosis of symptoms
• Early treatment initiation

Tertiary Prevention (Limit Disability from Established Disease)

• Rehabilitation (restore function)
• Palliative care (symptom relief, quality of life)
• End-of-life care (comfort, dignity)

This three-tier model guides public health and clinical strategy across the disease continuum.