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What Comes Up When You Vomit? Stomach & Esophageal Contents
Vomiting expels contents from both the stomach and the esophagus.
The vomiting reflex involves:
- Nausea: Autonomic activation (salivation, pallor, tachycardia).
- Retching: Diaphragm and abdominal muscles contract against closed glottis.
- Expulsion: Glottis opens, upper esophageal sphincter relaxes, and gastric (+ esophageal) contents are forcefully ejected.
Because the esophagus is a conduit, any material in it (recently swallowed food, refluxed gastric contents, mucus) is expelled along with stomach contents.
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