Malignant Melanoma Mortality: Statistics and Early Detection Importance

Malignant melanoma accounts for ~1.5% of all cancer deaths but ~75% of skin cancer deaths despite being less common than basal/squamous cell carcinomas.

Key Statistics (US, Annual)

• New cases: ~100,000 invasive + ~100,000 in situ
• Deaths: ~7,500–8,000
• 5-year survival: 99% (localized), 68% (regional), 30% (distant)

Risk Factors

• UV exposure (sun, tanning beds)
• Fair skin, freckles, light hair/eyes
• Many/atypical nevi (>50 or >5 atypical)
• Personal/family history
• Immunosuppression

Early Detection = Cure

• Monthly self-exam (ABCDE: Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, Diameter >6mm, Evolution)
• Annual dermatologist skin check (high-risk: more frequent)
• Dermoscopy improves diagnostic accuracy

Melanoma is highly curable when caught early. Delayed diagnosis drives mortality.