Understanding Smoldering Multiple Myeloma: Prognosis & Risk Factors

Multiple myeloma is a form of cancer affecting antibody-producing plasma cells in the bone marrow. The prognosis for smoldering, or asymptomatic, forms of this disease varies according to a number of factors.

Identification

• Smoldering myeloma is a slow-growing form of multiple myeloma that typically produces little or no symptoms, according to Everyday Health. Frequently, diagnosis of the disorder comes from chance findings on a blood test ordered for another purpose.

Multiple Myeloma Risks

• Individuals with smoldering myeloma have a high risk of developing full-blown multiple myeloma, reports Everyday Health. Depending on the individual, progression to multiple myeloma can take anywhere from months to years.

Symptom Monitoring

• Patients with smoldering myeloma may require nothing more than periodic monitoring of their condition, according to the Cleveland Clinic Center for Continuing Education. Individuals without any symptoms may receive a follow-up examination every three to six months.

Testing Procedures

• Testing procedures for smoldering myeloma patients include urine and blood tests, bone marrow biopsy (sampling), X-rays and bone scans, according to Everyday Health.

Long-Term Prognosis

• Most individuals who develop smoldering myeloma ultimately need treatment for myeloma symptoms, notes Everyday Health. Potential symptoms include bone pain, anemia and bone lesions (cellular abnormalities).