Colon Cancer Symptoms: Early Detection Saves Lives

Colorectal cancer is highly treatable when caught early. Know the warning signs:

• Change in bowel habits (diarrhea, constipation, narrowing) > few days.
• Rectal bleeding or blood in stool (bright red or dark/tarry).
• Persistent abdominal discomfort (cramps, gas, pain).
• Feeling of incomplete evacuation.
• Unexplained weight loss.
• Fatigue, weakness (from anemia).
• Iron-deficiency anemia (often first sign in men/postmenopausal women).

Screening and Diagnosis

• Average risk: Start screening at 45 (USPSTF). Options: colonoscopy (gold standard, every 10 yr), FIT/FOBT annually, stool DNA (Cologuard) every 3 yr, CT colonography every 5 yr, flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 yr.
• High risk: Earlier/more frequent (family history, IBD, genetic syndromes).

Action Steps

1. Don't ignore symptoms — see a doctor promptly.
2. Discuss screening schedule with your provider.
3. Be honest about symptoms and family history.
4. Follow through on recommended tests.
5. Seek support (family, counselors, support groups).

Early-stage 5-year survival >90%. Screening prevents cancer by removing precancerous polyps.