Open vs. Closed Reduction: Orthopedic Management of Fractures and Dislocations

Reduction restores anatomic alignment of fractured bones or dislocated joints.

Closed Reduction

• Non-surgical; manual realignment under sedation/anesthesia.
• Uses traction, manipulation.
• Post-reduction immobilization (cast, splint, brace).

Open Reduction (Surgical Reduction)

• Incision at fracture site for direct visualization.
• Internal fixation (plates, screws, rods, wires) for stability.
• Indicated when closed reduction fails, is impossible, or for complex fractures.
• Wound closure followed by immobilization.

Choice depends on fracture pattern, displacement, soft-tissue injury, and surgeon judgment. Both aim for stable union and functional recovery.