Understanding Hyperpigmentation: The Opposite of Vitiligo

Hyperpigmentation is the darkening of skin due to excess melanin production or deposition—the phenotypic opposite of vitiligo (loss of melanin).

Common Forms

• Melasma: Hormonal + UV-triggered facial patches.
• Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH): Dark marks after acne, injury, eczema.
• Solar lentigines: “Age spots” from chronic sun exposure.
• Drug-induced: Certain medications (e.g., minocycline, antimalarials).

Management

• Sun protection (broad-spectrum SPF 30+).
• Topical agents: hydroquinone, retinoids, azelaic acid, vitamin C, niacinamide.
• Procedures: chemical peels, laser, microneedling (for resistant cases).

Accurate diagnosis ensures appropriate therapy.