Cerebral Cortex Areas for Hearing, Language, and Memory

Key cortical regions:

• Primary auditory cortex (A1): Superior temporal gyrus (Heschl's gyrus) — core sound processing.
• Wernicke's area: Posterior superior temporal gyrus (BA22) — language comprehension.
• Broca's area: Posterior inferior frontal gyrus (BA44/45) — speech production, articulation.
• Angular gyrus: Parietal-temporal-occipital junction (BA39) — cross-modal integration, reading.
• Hippocampus: Medial temporal lobe — episodic memory encoding/consolidation.
• Auditory association cortex: Belt/parabelt areas — complex sound analysis.

Language involves a distributed network (dual stream: ventral for comprehension, dorsal for production). Memory engages hippocampal-neocortical circuits.