How MRI Works: Magnetic Fields, Radio Waves, and Tissue Contrast
In MRI (magnetic resonance imaging):
- A strong magnetic field aligns protons (hydrogen nuclei) in the body.
- A radiofrequency pulse flips proton spins, absorbing energy.
- When the pulse stops, protons realign, emitting a signal.
Signal strength depends on proton density. Water-rich tissues (blood, CSF) appear bright; fat-rich tissues (bone, muscle) appear dark. This contrast allows detailed imaging of soft tissues (brain, heart, kidneys) and diagnosis of cancer, stroke, heart disease.
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