Understanding Skin Pigments: Melanin & Carotene

* Melanin is the most important pigment in skin color. It is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found in the epidermis (the outermost layer of skin). Melanin comes in two forms: eumelanin, which is brown or black, and pheomelanin, which is red or yellow. The amount of melanin in the skin is determined by genetics and sun exposure.

* Carotene is a pigment that is found in plants and is responsible for the orange, yellow, and red colors of many fruits and vegetables. Carotene is converted to vitamin A in the body, which is essential for vision and skin health.

* Hemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen in the blood. It is found in red blood cells and is responsible for the pink color of skin.